Modern technologies, particularly Artificial Intelligence (AI), are among the key drivers of transformation across various sectors, including education. AI contributes to enhancing the quality and efficiency of the educational process by providing advanced analytical tools and improving the learning experience for students. This study aimed at exploring the level of awareness among school principals in the Sultanate of Oman of the importance of AI and their attitudes towards its use in the school environment. The study examined the role of AI in improving the quality of education and identified the challenges that may hinder its effective implementation. The research employed a descriptive methodology using the explanatory sequential mixed methods design. Data were collected through a questionnaire administered to 302 principals of public schools in Oman, complemented by semi-structured interviews with 10 of these principals to gain a deeper understanding of the dimensions of awareness and attitudes toward the use of AI in education. The findings revealed a high level of awareness among principals regarding the significance of AI in enhancing the learning experience. Reported benefits included promoting self-directed learning, increasing student motivation, and utilizing data to improve administrative decision-making, ultimately leading to improved educational outcomes. The study also identified key challenges, such as lack of specialized training, weak technological infrastructure, and concerns about privacy, all of which hinder the comprehensive application of these technologies. Funding: This research was supported by the Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation in Oman under SQU project code: RC/GRG/EDU/PEA/24/184.